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1 Le Chatelier-Braun'sches Prinzip
n < therm> ■ principle of least resistance; Le Chatelier-Braun principle; Le Chatelier principleGerman-english technical dictionary > Le Chatelier-Braun'sches Prinzip
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2 Le Chatelier, Henri Louis
SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy[br]b. 8 November 1850 Paris, Franced. 17 September 1926 Miribel-les-Echelle, France[br]French inventor of the rhodium—platinum thermocouple and the first practical optical pyrometer, and pioneer of physical metallurgy.[br]The son of a distinguished engineer, Le Chatelier entered the Ecole Polytechnique in 1869: after graduating in the Faculty of Mines, he was appointed Professor at the Ecole Supérieure des Mines in 1877. After assisting Deville with the purification of bauxite in unsuccessful attempts to obtain aluminium in useful quantities, Le Chatelier's work covered a wide range of topics and he gave much attention to the driving forces of chemical reactions. Between 1879 and 1882 he studied the mechanisms of explosions in mines, and his doctorate in 1882 was concerned with the chemistry and properties of hydraulic cements. The dehydration of such materials was studied by thermal analysis and dilatometry. Accurate temperature measurement was crucial and his work on the stability of thermocouples, begun in 1886, soon established the superiority of rhodium-platinum alloys for high-temperature measurement. The most stable combination, pure platinum coupled with a 10 per cent rhodium platinum positive limb, became known as Le Chatelier couple and was in general use throughout the industrial world until c. 1922. For applications where thermocouples could not be used, Le Chatelier also developed the first practical optical pyrometer. From hydraulic cements he moved on to refractory and other ceramic materials which were also studied by thermal analysis and dilatometry. By 1888 he was systematically applying such techniques to metals and alloys. Le Chatelier, together with Osmond, Worth, Genet and Charpy, was a leading member of that group of French investigators who established the new science of physical metallurgy between 1888 and 1900. Le Chatelier was determining the recalescence points in steels in 1888 and was among the first to study intermetallic compounds in a systematic manner. To facilitate such work he introduced the inverted microscope, upon which metallographers still depend for the routine examination of polished and etched metallurgical specimens under incident light. The principle of mobile equilibrium, developed independently by Le Chatelier in 1885 and F.Braun in 1886, stated that if one parameter in an equilibrium situation changed, the equilibrium point of the system would move in a direction which tended to reduce the effect of this change. This provided a useful qualitative working tool for the experimentalists, and was soon used with great effect by Haber in his work on the synthesis of ammonia.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsGrand Officier de la Légion d'honneur. Honorary Member of the Institute of Metals 1912. Iron and Steel Institute Bessemer Medal.Further ReadingF.Le Chatelier, 1969, Henri Le Chatelier.C.K.Burgess and H.L.Le Chatelier, The Measurement of High Temperature.ASDBiographical history of technology > Le Chatelier, Henri Louis
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3 principio di Le Chatelier
[CHIM, FIS]Le Chatelier’s principleDizionario chimica Italiano-Inglese > principio di Le Chatelier
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4 принцип Ле Шателье
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5 مبدأ لوشاتلييه
Le Chatelier principle -
6 принцип подвижного равновесия
1) Chemistry: Le Chatelier-Braun principle, principle of mobile equilibrium2) Makarov: Le Chatelier principleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > принцип подвижного равновесия
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7 принцип Ле-Шателье
Makarov: Le Chatelier principleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > принцип Ле-Шателье
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8 принцип смещения равновесия Ле Шателье
Metallurgy: Le Chatelier principleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > принцип смещения равновесия Ле Шателье
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9 zasada Le Chateliera i Brauna
• principle of Le ChatelierSłownik polsko-angielski dla inżynierów > zasada Le Chateliera i Brauna
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10 reguła przekory
• Le Chatelier-Braun's principle• principle of Le Chatelier -
11 принцип смещения равновесия
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > принцип смещения равновесия
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12 принцип Лешателье
Chemistry: Le Chatelier's principle -
13 принцип смещения равновесия Ле Шателье-Брауна
Makarov: Le Chatelier-Braun principleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > принцип смещения равновесия Ле Шателье-Брауна
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14 принцип Ле Шательє
Українсько-англійський словник з аналітичної хімії > принцип Ле Шательє
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15 принцип Ле Шателье - Брауна
Русско-английский физический словарь > принцип Ле Шателье - Брауна
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16 zasada Le Chateliera i Brauna lea
• Le Chatelier-Braun's principleSłownik polsko-angielski dla inżynierów > zasada Le Chateliera i Brauna lea
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17 принцип Ле-Шателье-Брауна
Русско-английский словарь по химии > принцип Ле-Шателье-Брауна
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18 принцип Ле-Шателье-Брауна
Русско-английский научный словарь > принцип Ле-Шателье-Брауна
См. также в других словарях:
Le Chatelier principle — noun the principle that if any change is imposed on a system that is in equilibrium then the system tends to adjust to a new equilibrium counteracting the change • Syn: ↑Le Chatelier s principle, ↑Le Chatelier s law, ↑Le Chatelier Braun principle … Useful english dictionary
Le Châtelier principle — /leuh shaht l yay /, Physics. the law that if a constraint is applied to a system in equilibrium, the system adjusts to a new equilibrium that tends to counteract the constraint. [1910 15; see LECHATELIERITE] * * * … Universalium
Le Chatelier principle — if a biological system is subjected to stress, it will act in such a way as to reduce the stress … Medical dictionary
principle — 1. A general or fundamental doctrine or tenet. SEE ALSO: law, rule, theorem. 2. The essential ingredient in a substance, especially one that gives it its distinctive quality or effect. [L. principium, a beginning, fr. princeps, chief] active p. a … Medical dictionary
Le Chatelier's principle — In chemistry, Le Chatelier s Principle, also called the Le Chatelier Braun principle , can be used to predict the effect of a change in conditions on a chemical equilibrium. The principle is named after Henry Louis Le Chatelier and Karl Ferdinand … Wikipedia
Le Chatelier's law — noun the principle that if any change is imposed on a system that is in equilibrium then the system tends to adjust to a new equilibrium counteracting the change • Syn: ↑Le Chatelier s principle, ↑Le Chatelier principle, ↑Le Chatelier Braun… … Useful english dictionary
Le Chatelier's principle — noun the principle that if any change is imposed on a system that is in equilibrium then the system tends to adjust to a new equilibrium counteracting the change • Syn: ↑Le Chatelier s law, ↑Le Chatelier principle, ↑Le Chatelier Braun principle • … Useful english dictionary
Le Chatelier-Braun principle — noun the principle that if any change is imposed on a system that is in equilibrium then the system tends to adjust to a new equilibrium counteracting the change • Syn: ↑Le Chatelier s principle, ↑Le Chatelier s law, ↑Le Chatelier principle •… … Useful english dictionary
Henry Louis Le Chatelier — Infobox Scientist name = Henry Louis Le Chatelier box width = image width =150px caption = Henry Louis Le Chatelier, an influential French/Italian chemist and engineer, inventor of Le Chatelier s principle. birth date=birth date|df=yes|1850|10|8… … Wikipedia
Le Châtelier, Henry-Louis — born Oct. 8, 1850, Paris, France died Sept. 17, 1936, Miribel les Échelles French chemist. A professor at the Collège de France and the Sorbonne, he is best known for the principle of Le Châtelier, which makes it possible to predict the effect… … Universalium
Le Chatelier , Henri Louis — (1850–1936) French chemist Le Chatelier was born in Paris, the son of the inspector general of mines for France. He himself began studying mining engineering, before becoming professor of chemistry at the School of Mines in 1877. He later became… … Scientists